Volume 5(2): October, 1999
FUEL AND ERGOGENIC AIDS 2.1 - CREATINE
This second issue of Volume 5 of Coaching Science Abstracts reviews articles concerned with creatine use. Previous articles on this topic are contained in Volume 2(3). This issue is divided into the subsections of general theory; strength, power, and size; anaerobic work; repeated anaerobic work; and aerobic work.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL THEORY
CREATINE MONOHYDRATE: A REVIEW OF ITS USES IN SPORT
Joseph F. Clark, Department of Biochemistry, Biochemical and Clinical Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Unit, South Parks Rd, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, England: URL: https://www.netstorage.com/hon/summary5.htm, 1997.
THREE DAYS OF CREATINE NOT EFFECTIVE FOR IMPROVING A SINGLE 30 s EFFORT
Odland, L. M., MacDougall, J. D., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Elorriaga, A., & Borgmann, A. (1997). Effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle [PCr] and short-term maximum power output. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29, 216-219.
CAFFEINE NEGATES CREATINE EFFECTS
Vandenberghe, K., Van Hecke, P., Van Leemputte, M., Vanstapel, F., & Hespel, P. (1997). Inhibition of muscle phosphocreatine resynthesis by caffeine after creatine loading. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(5), Supplement abstract 1417.
CREATINE PLUS CHO NO BETTER THAN CREATINE ALONE FOR IMPROVING PERFORMANCE
Theodoru, A., Cooke, C. B., King, R. F., & Duckett, R. (1998). The effect of combined carbohydrate and creatine ingestion on anaerobic performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1543.
CREATINE BENEFITS LAST WELL BEYOND THE PERIOD OF INGESTION
Ziegenfuss, T., Gales, D., Felix, S., Straehle, S., Klemish, K., Contrath, D., & Lemon, P. W. (1998). Performance benefits following a five day creatine loading procedures persist for at least four weeks. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1508.
STRENGTH, POWER, AND SIZE
BRIEF CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION DOES NOT IMPROVE ISOKINETIC FAST PERFORMANCES
Gilliam, J. D., Hohzom, C., & Martin, A. D. (1998). Effect of creatine supplementation on isokinetic force production. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 793.
EXTENSIVE CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION COULD PRODUCE SOME STRENGTH GAINS
Peeters, B. M., Lantz, C. D., & Mayhew, J. L. (1998). Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and muscular endurance in resistance trained males. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 796.
CREATINE DOES NOT BUILD BIGGER BODIES
Wood, K. K., Zabik, R. M., Dawson, M. L., & Frye, P. A. (1998). The effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on strength, lean body mass, and circumferences in male weightlifters. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1542.
CREATINE INCREASES FAT FREE MASS AND STRENGTH
Michaelis, J., & Vukovich, M. D. (1998). Effect of two different forms of creatine supplementation on muscular strength and power. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1544.
CREATINE PROMOTES BOTH PERFORMANCE AND MUSCLE SIZE INCREASES
Volek, J. S., Duncan, N. D., Mazzetti, S. A., Staron, R. S., Putukian, M., Gomez, A. L., Pearson, D. R., Fink, W. J., & Kraemer, W. J. (1997). Performance and muscle fiber adaptations to creatine supplementation and heavy resistance training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31, 1147-1156.
ANAEROBIC WORK
CREATINE ASSISTS SHORT SPURT EXERCISE
Casey, A., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Howell, S., Hultman, E., & Greenhaff, P. L. (1996). Creatine ingestion favorably affects performance and muscle metabolism during maximal exercise in humans. American Journal of Physiology, 271, E31-E37.
CREATINE IMPROVES INTENSE EXERCISE
Jacobs, I., Bleue, S., & Goodman, J. (1997). Creatine ingestion increases anaerobic capacity and maximum accumulated oxygen deficit. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 22, 231-243.
CREATINE IMPROVES MAXIMUM SPRINT CYCLING PERFORMANCES
Casey, A., Constantin-Teodosiu, C., Howell, S., Hultman, E., & Greenhaff, P. L. (1996). Creatine ingestion favorably affects performance muscle metabolism during maximal exercise in humans. American Journal of Physiology, 271, E31-E37.
CREATINE OVER FIVE DAYS DOES BUT OVER ONE DAY DOES NOT IMPROVE ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE
Earnest, C. P., Beckham, S., & Whyte, B. O. (1998). Effect of acute creatine ingestion on anaerobic performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 798.
CREATINE DID NOT AFFECT PERFORMANCE OF A ONE-TIME SHORT-DURATION INTENSE ACTIVITY
Ensign, W. Y., Jacobs, I., Prusaczyk, W. K., Goforth, H. W., Law, P. B., & Schneider, K. E. (1998). Effects of creatine supplementation on short-term anaerobic exercise performance of U.S. Navy Seals. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1509.
REPEATED ANAEROBIC WORK
CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION ENHANCES HYPERTROPHY AND REPEATED SPRINT PERFORMANCE
Ziegenfuss, T. N., Lemon, P. W., Rogers, M. R., Ross, R., & Yarasheski, K. E. (1997). Acute creatine ingestion: Effects on muscle volume, anaerobic power, fluid volumes, and protein turnover. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(5), Supplement abstract 732.
CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION EXTENDS INTERVAL TRAINING TO EXHAUSTION
Prevost, M. C., Nelson, A. G., & Morris, G. S. (1997). Creatine supplementation enhances intermittent work performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 68, 233-240.
CREATINE IMPROVES MODERATE-SPEED MUSCULAR WORK AND POWER
Johnson, K. D., Smodic, B., & Hill, R. (1997). The effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on muscular power and work. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(5), Supplement abstract 1431.
CREATINE INFLUENCES POWER OUTPUT IN INTERVAL EXERCISE SETS
Vole, J. S., Kraemer, W. J., Bush, J. A. Boetes, M., Incledon, T., Clark, K. L., & Lynch, J. M. (1997). Creatine supplementation enhances muscular performance during high-intensity resistance exercise. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 97, 765-770.
CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION PROMOTES SUSTAINING SPRINT SET QUALITY IN SWIMMERS
Peyrebrune, M.C., Nevill, M.E., Donaldson, F.J., & Cosford, D.J. (1998). The effects of oral creatine supplementation on performance in single and repeated sprint swimming. Journal of Sports Science, 16(3), 271-279.
BRIEF CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION DOES NOT IMPROVE SOCCER SPRINTING
Smart, N. A., McKenzie, S. G., Nix, L. M., Baldwin, S. E., Page, K., Wade, D., & Hampson, P. K. (1998). Creatine supplementation does not improve repeat sprint performance in soccer players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 794.
CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVES ICE-HOCKEY SPRINTING
Jones, A. M., Atter, T., & George, K. P. (1998). Oral creatine supplementation improves multiple sprint performance in elite ice-hockey players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 797.
SOFTBALL PLAYERS' PHYSICAL PERFORMANCES WERE NOT AFFECTED BY CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION
Miszko, T. A., Baer, J. T., & Vanderburgh, P. M. (1998). The effect of creatine loading on body mass and vertical jump in female athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 800.
FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS GET AN ANAEROBIC BOOST FROM CREATINE
Larson, D. E., Hunter, G. R., Trowbridge, C. A., Turk, J. C., Harbin, P. A., & Torman, S. L. (1998). Creatine supplementation and performance during off-season training in female soccer players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1504.
FEMALE SWIMMERS DO NOT BENEFIT FROM CREATINE BUT MALES DO OVER A LIMITED RANGE OF TRAINING DISTANCES
Jacobs, K. A., Leenders, N. Y., Sherman, W. M., Nelson, T. E., Lamb, D. R., & Miller, E. C. (1998). Creatine (Cr) supplementation and swimming. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1506.
AEROBIC WORK
CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION DOES NOT ASSIST ENDURANCE CYCLISTS
Godly, A., & Yates, J. W. (1997). Effects of creatine supplementation on endurance cycling combined with short, high-intensity bouts. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(5), Supplement abstract 1428.
CREATINE DOES NOT IMPROVE AEROBIC WORK
Engelhardt, M., Neumann, G., Berbal, A., & Reuter, I. (1998). Creatine supplementation in endurance sports. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30, 1123-1129.
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