Holohan, D., Hawley, J. A., & Palmer, G. S. (2000). Enhanced running performance with repeated carbohydrate-fluid ingestion during exercise in the heat. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 1829.

On two occasions seven days apart, trained male soccer players (N = 7) performed a paced 90-min effort of variable intensity running. Each run consisted of repeated 5-min efforts, comprised of 16 stages of intensity, on a treadmill. The variations were intended to simulate playing intensities in soccer games. Fluids were ingested before and halfway through a session as a simulation of a soccer game, and in accordance with international soccer rules. The other condition increased the frequency of fluid intake, five further intakes every 15 minutes. Exercise was performed in a hot (35 degrees Celsius) and humid environment.

It was found that the inclusion of extra CHO feedings enhanced performance in the heat by restricting the rise in body temperature.

Implication. More fluid intake in a game will improve soccer performance and reduces the threat of heat exhaustion by keeping body temperatures lower.

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