Volume 7(5): March, 2002
MEASURING PRACTICE EFFORT 3.1
This fifth issue of Volume 7 of Coaching Science Abstracts reviews articles concerned with using ratings of perceived exertion and heart rates to measure practice effort. Two previous issues, namely Volume 1(5) and Volume 4(5), also dealt with this topic. The information from those two sources, as well as that contained in this issue, will yield an extensive knowledge base of recent research in these two indices of exercise response.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION - GENERAL
RPE IS RELATED DIFFERENTLY TO VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES
Tyillian, T. A., Whaley, M. H., & Kaminsky, L. A. (1998). Reliability of regulating treadmill exercise using ratings of perceived exertion. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 181.
RPE VARIES FROM DAY TO DAY FOR THE SAME TASK
Skemp, K. M., Gaskill, S. E., Sanchez, O. A., & Walker, A. J. (1998). Relationship and reproducibility of two RPE scales for cross country skiers compared to the Borg RPE Scale. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 182.
RPE MIGHT BE RELATED TO GENERAL RATHER THAN SPECIFIC PERCEPTIONS OF WORK
Han, S-H., Whaley, M. H., & Kaminsky, L. A. (1998). Influence of inquiry frequency on ratings of perceived exertion during graded exercise testing. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 184.
RPE MORE RELIABLE AT HIGHER EXERCISE INTENSITIES
Nesser, T. W., Gaskill, S. E., Skemp, K. M., & Walker, A. J. (1998). Variance in the reproducibility of the Borg RPE during exercise tests with cross country skiers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 185.
HLa:RPE INDEX NOT AS SIMPLE OR USEFUL AS ORIGINALLY THOUGHT
Snyder, A. C., & Naik, J. (1998). Relationship of HLa:RPE to percent oxygen uptake. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 624.
RPE IS SPECIFIC TO THE EXERCISE AND INTENSITY LEVEL
Katsanos, C. S., Cheuvront, S. N., & Haymes, E. M. (1999). Physiological responses at given ratings of perceived exertion: Walking vs cycling. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 1002.
RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION - SPECIFICS
HEART RATE NOT A VIABLE INDEX FOR TRAINING PRESCRIPTION FOR CHILDREN
Neal, M. A., Walker, J. L., Murray, T. D., Patton, R. E., & Squires, W. G. (1998). Variation in exercise heart rate based on ratings of perceived exertion in children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 180.
RPE GENDER DIFFERENCES DEPEND UPON THE CRITERION USED FOR OXYGEN UPTAKE
Robertson, R., Moyna, N., Sward, K., Millich, N., Goss, F., & Thompson, P. (1999). Gender effect on ratings of perceived exertion at relative and absolute oxygen uptake. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 266.
RPE DOES NOT REFLECT FATIGUE, ONLY HOW HARD THE INDIVIDUAL WORKED
Pincivero, D. M., Gear, W. S., Moyna, N. M., & Robertson, R. J. (1999). The effects of rest interval on quadriceps torque and perceived exertion in healthy males. Journal of Sports medicine and Physical Fitness, 39, 294-299.
LOW RESISTANCE/HIGH REPETITIONS YIELD LOWER RPE
Lagally, K., Gearhart, R., Gallagher, K., Goss, F. L., & Robertson, R. J. (1999). Ratings of perceived exertion and lactate during strength and endurance resistance exercise in young adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 1001.
LACTATE/RPE RATIO NOT USEFUL FOR MONITORING OVERTRAINING
Campbell, A. R., & Potteiger, J. A. (1999). Identification of overtraining in well-trained runners using the lactate/RPE ratio. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 1393.
RPE CAN BE USED WITH CHILDREN
Larson, S., Andreacci, J., Klebez, J., Brinkert, R., LeMura, L. M., & von Duvillard, S. P. (2000) Three different ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate in young children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 333.
RPE REFLECTS STRENGTH EXERCISE INTENSITY
Lagally, K., Gallagher, K., Robertson, R. J., Jakicic, J., Goss, F. L., Lephart, S., McCaw, S. T., & Goodpaster, B. (2000). Perceived exertion responses to acute bouts of resistance exercise, EMG, and Lactate mediators. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 931.
RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION - USES
CAFFEINE AND EPHEDRINE ARE ERGOGENIC IN HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE
Nevola, V. R., Weller, A. S., & Harrison, M. H. (1999). Cardiovascular effects of a combined dose of caffeine and ephedrine in man. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 448.
MUSIC DOES NOT SEEM TO MAKE WORK EASIER
Pujol, T. J., Langenfeld, M. E., Pujol, K. J., Wilken, B. J., & Huskey, J. A. (1999). Effects of music on ratings of perceived exertion and lactate. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 999.
RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION AND HEART RATE COMPARISONS
MAXIMUM HEART RATE CONSISTENT FOR TREADMILL AND TRACK RUNNING
Scaglioni, P., & Aragon-Vargas, L. F. (1999). Effect of propulsion mode on maximal heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion in running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 400.
HEART RATE AND RPE ARE CONSISTENT INDICATIONS OF TRAINING INTENSITY
Foster, C., Fitzgerald, D. J., & Spatz, P. (1999). Stability of the blood lactate-heart rate relationship in competitive athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31, 578-582.
RPE IS USEFUL FOR ESTIMATING SESSION WORK INTENSITY
Hrovatin, L. A., Florhaug, J. A., Brice, G., Esten, P. L., Mikat, R. J., & Foster, C. (2000). Effect of interval duration on markers of exercise training intensity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 1567.
HEART RATE - GENERAL
LABORATORY HEART RATES UNDERESTIMATE FIELD TEST HEART RATES AT ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD
Smith, J. D., Newberry, J. E., Sherman, N. W., Ruiz, A., & Hughes, J. R. (1998). A comparison of field and laboratory estimates of the anaerobic threshold. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 619.
HEART RATES BECOME LOWER WITH AGE AND ATTENTION DEMANDS BUT THEIR VARIABILITY REMAINS CONSISTENT
Wood, R., Lee, M., Bao, D., Hemard, L, & Maraj, B. (1998). Short-term heart rate variability during a cognitive challenge in young and old subjects. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1422.
HEART RATES THE SAME FOR TREADMILL AND CYCLE ERGOMETER TESTS
Basset, F. A., & Boulay, M. R. (1998). Specificity of treadmill and ergocycle tests in triathletes, runners, and cyclists. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1464.
HIGH EFFORT TRAINING
Christensen, E. H. (1962). Speed of work. Egonomics, 5, 7-13.
INTERMITTENT HEART RATES PROVIDE A ROUGH ESTIMATE OF TIME IN A PARTICULAR WORK ZONE FOR SEDENTARY INDIVIDUALS
Cleves, C. P., Jacobsen, D. J., Reagan, A. E., & Donnelly, J. E. (1999). Target heart rate: Intermittent monitoring vs continuous monitoring. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 406.
HEART RATES NOT A VALID MEASURE OF ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN
Dale, D. L., & Corbin, C. (2000). Using accelerometers and hart-rate monitors in elementary physical education: findings and future challenges. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 340.
HEART RATE FUNCTION RECOVERS SLOWLY AFTER EXHAUSTING COMPETITIONS AND IS PARTICULARLY INDIVIDUAL
Hautala, A. J., Tulppo, M. P., Makikallio, T. H., Laukkanen, R., Nissila, S., & Huikuri, H. V. (2000). Heart rate dynamics before and after long-term maximal exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 720.
HEART RATE - SPECIFICS
RECOVERY HEART RATE RESPONSES DIFFER BETWEEN FORMS OF ENDURANCE EXERCISE
Uusitalo, A. L., Hoffman, T. A., Tummavuori, E. A., & Rusko, H. K. (1998). Heart rate recovery after typical endurance exercise session in athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 607.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN HEART RATE EXIST IN LOW FITNESS MIDDLE-AGED GROUPS
Stears, A., Miller, D., Keuhl, K., Moe, E., Goldberg, L., & Elliot, D. (1998). Gender differences in maximal heart rate among various fitness categories. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1377.
HEART RATE IS NOT RELATED TO OVERTRAINING IN FEMALE RUNNERS
Uusitalo, A. L., Uusitalo, A. J., & Rusko, H. K. (1998). Exhaustive endurance training for 6-9 weeks did not induce changes in intrinsic heart rate and cardiac autonomic modulation in female athletes. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 19, 532-540.
HEART RATE VARIABILITY IS NOT A RELIABLE MEASURE IN YOUNG WOMEN
Chittenden, T. W., Kaleth, A. S., Ballentine, H. M., Blevins, J. S., & Herbert, W. G. (2000). Reproducibility of HRV measures in apparently healthy young women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 715.
HEART RATE NOT GOOD FOR INDICATING PACING
Davison, R. C., Smith, M. F., Coleman, D. A., Baler, J., & Bird, S. R. (2000). Variability of power output during 40-km outdoor time-trial cycling performances. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 1446.
HEART RATE DOES NOT REFLECT CYCLING POWER OUTPUT
Palmer, G. S., Martin, D. T., McLean, B. D., Bannan, S., Lee, H., Craig, N. P., & Hawley, J. A. (2000). Heart rate does not accurately reflect power output during professional cycling competition. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 1448.
HEART RATE - USES
MAXIMAL TESTING VALUES DO NOT CHANGE IN A SEASON IN CYCLISTS
Abraham, A., & Rombach, S. E. (1998). Training responses of selected physiological parameters in competitive male cyclists. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 609.
EXERCISE OUTPUT NOT AFFECTED BY BODY MASS CHANGES DUE TO HYDRATION
McDonough, P., Biggerstaff, K. D., Bearden, S. E., Bergen, J., Cheuvront, S B., & Haymes, E. B. (1998). Maximal cycle ergometry: The effect of changes in hydration status and body mass. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(5), Supplement abstract 1623.
HEART RATE REFLECTS WORK INTENSITY IN RUGBY
Deutsch, M. U., Kearney, G. A., & Rehrer, N. J. (1999). The validity of heart rate measurement during intermittent high intensity exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 404.
OVERTRAINING PRODUCES INDIVIDUAL HEART RATE AND VO2max RESPONSES
Uusitalo, A. L., Uusitalo, A. J., & Rusko, H. K. (1999). Heart rate and blood pressure variability during heavy training and overtraining in the female athlete. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 20, 45-53.
OVERREACHING IS LIKELY TO BE CAUSED BY PERIPHERAL FACTORS
Hedelin, R., Kentta, G., Wiklund, U., Bjerle, P, & Henriksson-Larsen, K. (2000). Short-term overtraining: Effects on performance, circulatory responses, and heart rate variability. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32, 1480-1484.
BADMINTON TRAINING IS HARDER THAN A GAME
Smith, J. A., & Chang, C-C. (1999). Heart rate and blood lactate responses during training and competition in elite badminton players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(5), Supplement abstract 1463.
PAIN
AEROBIC EXERCISE >10 MINUTES REDUCES PAIN PERCEPTION
Shepanski, M. A., Hoffman, M. D., Ruble, S. B., Valic, Z., Buckwalter, J. B., & Clifford, P. S. (2000). Effect of exercise duration on exercise analgesia. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 196.
MODERATE AEROBIC EXERCISE INTENSITY REDUCES PAIN PERCEPTION
Ruble, S. B., Shepanski, M. A., Hoffman, M. D., Valic, Z., Buckwalter, J. B., & Clifford, P. S. (2000). Does exercise intensity influence pain perception. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 197.
WOMEN RATE SOME FORMS OF PAIN HIGHER THAN MEN
Vaughn, A. C., & Koltyn, K. F. (2000). The association between three different painful stimuli in men and women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(5), Supplement abstract 411.
Return to Coaching Science Abstracts' Main Table of Contents.