Highlen, P. S., & Bennett, B. B. (1979). Psychological characteristics of successful and nonsuccessful elite wrestlers: An exploratory study. Journal of Sport Psychology, 1, 123-137.

Data from aspirants (N = 39) for three different 1977 Canadian Wrestling Teams were obtained using a version of previously "published" set of psychology-focused questions for gymnasts that was "adapted" for wrestling. 17 factors were developed from the question set. Team qualifiers were compared to non-qualifiers.

Self-confidence was revealed as the most significant factor distinguishing the two groups. Other major factors that contributed to group discrimination were as follows:

• Belief that the performer was reaching maximum potential.
• The use of distractions.
• Hours spent training.
• More positive and fewer negative thoughts.
• Deliberate blocking of anxiety-provoking thoughts.
• Better concentration and attentional focus.
• Less anxiety.

Imagery and factors affecting performance did not contribute to the function that distinguished the groups.

Implication Psychological factors, thought structures, and thinking ploys separated qualifiers from non qualifiers in selection trials for Canadian national teams.

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