Kalinski, M. I., Dunbar, C. C., & Szygula Z. (2001). Research on anabolic steroids in the former Soviet Union. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(5), Supplement abstract 1901.

Human subject research was performed clandestinely in the former Soviet Union using anabolic-androgenic steroids as ergogenic aids for athletes in sports including basketball, biathlon, rowing, weight lifting, and track and field. At least 96 copies of a 39 page "for limited use" document summarizing these studies were circulated among elite sport research institutions. The aim of this research was to enhance athletes' performances. This is the first known copy to appear outside of the former Soviet Union. It summarizes anabolic-androgenic steroid research performed on human subjects at the Research Laboratory of Physiology of Sport Performance at the Central Institute of Physical Culture (Moscow). Dosages, types of steroids, and procedures are included in this manual. Specific steroid protocols for specific sports are described. This information has never been divulged in the West until now; thus this is the first hard evidence of the collusion of the Soviet Sport Apparatus in the use of anabolic steroids by athletes.

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