Ruby, B., Robergs, R., Leadbetter, G., Mermier, C., Chick, T., & Stark, D. (1996). Cross-training between cycling and running in untrained females. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 36, 246-254.

Healthy untrained females (N = 18) were divided into three training groups: running, cycling, or running and cycling.

It was found that each method produced aerobic improvements.

Implication. With untrained individuals, any fitness program will improve the type of fitness that is stimulated. Since each activity in this study involved aerobic activity, aerobic indices changed. However, undifferentiated changes only occur up to a particular level, which varies for each individual and the activity involved. From then on changes become specific as opposed to the generality exhibited in initial training programs.

Return to Table of Contents for this issue.