Mace, R. D., & Carroll, D. (1989). The effect of stress inoculation training on self-reported stress, observer's rating of stress, heart rate and gymnastics performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 7, 257-266.

Females (N = 18) were pre-tested on a ground level bench. Various psychological and performance measures were taken. They were then divided into two groups, one receiving stress inoculation training (seven sessions) that involved relaxation, imagery, and self-statement skills. The control group received seven training sessions in coordination exercises. All Ss were then retested on a 1.52 m bench.

The stress inoculation trained group reported significantly less stress prior to the final test and performed significantly better. There was no difference in HRmax.

Implication. Stress inoculation (a form of mental skills training) facilitated a better approach to a stressful task as well as increased performance.

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