Bullinger, D. L., Biggerstaff, K. D., Rogers, R. R., & Nichols, D. L. (2014). Effect of competition on performance and physiological responses in female athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46(5), Supplement abstract number 255.

This study determined if performance was improved when the athlete was not informed of a competitive setting. Ss were college-aged females (N = 18) with athletic backgrounds. Prior to participation in experimental trials, Ss' maximal oxygen consumption and maximal heart rate were measured on a treadmill. Ss also performed a 20-minute time-trial for familiarization. In a balanced cross-over design, Ss performed two 20-minute time-trials on separate days. The control trial was performed with only one athlete running. The competition trial consisted of two athletes matched for VO2max running on side-by-side treadmills. Ss were not informed they were competing with the other athlete. Overall distance, peak heart rate, and peak rating of perceived exertion were compared between the two trials. Distances covered for each 5-minute interval were compared between treatments and within corresponding conditions. Peak heart rate for each 2-minute interval and rating of perceived exertion for each 5-minute interval were compared between conditions.

Overall distance covered was significantly different with the greater distance being recorded in the treatment condition. Distance covered during 0-5 and 11-15 minute intervals were significantly different, with the competition trial recording greater distances. There were no significant differences in peak heart rate or rating of perceived exertion.

Implication. The competitive environment, even though not explicitly identified, elicited a greater running distance without alterations in heart rate or ratings of perceived exertion in females.

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