Emmett, J. D., & McClung, J. A. (1993). Heart rate as an indicator of oxygen uptake & cardiac function during two swimming modes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25(5), Supplement abstract 634.

Freestyle and tethered swimming measures were taken. Heart rate was not a good discriminator of aerobic properties between the two different forms of activity. HR is not a good indicator of swimming performance in different forms of swimming.

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