Rippel, C. C., Sangenis, C. E., Barreto, F. T., Soares, G. R., Cota, K. A., Ceravolo, L. E., Blonde, J. I., Jose, R. C., & Duarate, A. F. (2003).The influence of psychophysiological variables in elite pistol shooters performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(5), Supplement abstract 775.

Male members (N = 7) of the Brazilian Army Pistol Shooting team were psychologically assessed before one training session and two competitions. Skin conductance (a measure of anxiety level) was measured for three minutes, 30 minutes before each shooting series.

There was no significant relationship between heart rate or anxiety level and shooting performance.

Implication. With experienced athletes, the relationship of heart rate and/or anxiety level with performance is of minimal importance.

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