Brent S. Rushall, personal notes, 1996.

• Activities that lack specific relevance to the sport being played (e.g., cycling for rowing).
• Activities not being practiced in blocks or repetitions with feedback.
• Activities that are potentially harmful (e.g., exceptionally exhausting activities to build "character").
• Activities that eliminate athletes (e.g., reserves sitting out activity to the point of "cooling down").
• Athletes being used as targets (e.g., tackling objects) or subjected to potential injurious activities (e.g., carried about as loads for resistance activities).
• Athletes in long lines waiting for a turn (e.g., too few pieces of equipment for too many people).
• Athletes being inactive for long periods (e.g., time wasted when something better could be done).
• Athletes running/swimming/etc, laps without purpose, enjoyment, achievement, or creativity.
• Athletes selecting teams.
• Elite athletes dominating activities.
• Coaches being negative models for the sport's activity (e.g., inappropriate dress, lack of physical demonstration or participation).
• Coaches lecturing excessively.
• Coaches acting like 'drill sergeants.'
• Fitness activities used as punishments.
• Fitness or skill assessment not based on personal improvements.
• Calisthenics or exercises without specific purposes and/or for lengthy periods.
• Gender directed comments and activities.
• Excessive competition.
• Full-sided scrimmages.

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